Usually yes but sometimes no. At my uni it varies from several thousand to as low as £300 per 6 months and the lucky few get the uni to pay for it. I think it it is stupid to charge students short term extensions, especially if it is due to reasons outside their control. Though one person I knew got his fees waived due to extenuating circumstances, surprisingly enough his supervisor was deputy head of department.

I think you should take the risk. Most companies only check references after they have made the decision otherwise it would be a pain to call every reference for every application. Though could you give your old line managers as references instead as they probably be safer?

You can apply anytime. Most PhDs have flexible start dates and will wait for you to finish your current studies.

I would choose a course you enjoy and that will allow you to maximise your potential. A lot of universities allow you to swap between Bsc and integrated masters which means you can worry about this later. Generally you want at least a masters before a PhD (though you can sometimes do without) and their is an ever so slight preferences for research focused masters over integrated masters. Goodluck!

Having had many lecturers with bad English or a thick accent I can safely say it doesn't really matter. Some of the most memorable bits of my course was when the lecturer said something very important in stunted English.

I think there are differences in ambition and independence. Like a research associate is the typical post-doc with a set project and supervisor but freedom of work. While an assistant is told exactly what to do and hands over the data to a supervisor. Though a post-doc fellowship is an opportunity to do your own research with minimal supervision, you also have your own budget and more is expected of you. A post-doc fellow seems very cushy and you have a lot of scope to develop your own interests and skills

Again, not an expert and my uni mostly has a post-doc associates and post-doc fellows with very few if no post-doc assistants. The research assistants usually have a Masters but interestingly enough most of the technicians have PhDs.

pm133, I completely agree that there are issues and misunderstandings at the start of any relationship. You both start with different expectations and preconceptions and the aim is to build a productive relationship. Your example is very poignant in that we don't know what we want at the start of the PhD and that things will change.

Though I think one of the stages of any PhD is realizing your supervisor is only human. I read the OP's original post and thought the supervisor was acting normal apart from the monologue dissing their abilities. As the OP defended themself by saying how independent they are and that the supervisor has backed down, now thinking they should keep their distance. I am not saying the OP should keep him as their supervisor (if it is not working now it probably won't work later) but from an outsider I see clear cause and effect.

This might be a bit late but you can just say that it isn't your data. He will understand that means you can't promise authorship and can decide appropriately.

EDIT: I started writing this before I saw pm133's post and I agree with him

You started a PhD and the first thing you say to your new supervisor is you want his help on a project that he isn't involved in. He rebuffs you and says that you should develop your skills first in a very negative way (which he shouldn't have), to which you rebuff him. He then realises you are independent, so gives you minor suggestions and gives you space. You are then perplexed by him giving you space and not being supportive, when you implied by your actions that you don't want or need him. He might be sending mixed signals but so you are you.

To be honest you sound like you will succeed regardless of your supervisor but a student-supervisor relationship is give and take between both parties. There is nothing wrong with knowing what you want from a supervisor but you should also be prepared to give. You can probably reset this situation with some diplomatic words and talk about how you want to progress in the future. He might be feeling the same way and a frank discussion about what you expect from each other.

If you are self funded you have plenty of options and it is more on you to decide what you want. If you want to stay with your supervisor tell them that and say you will follow them. If he gets a new job at a new university, the university will mot likely not reject you. You could also look to have him as an external supervisor at in Liverpool or at another local university. Self funding brings a range of opportunities and it is rare for a self funded PhD student admission to be rejected. I think the best advice I can give is work out what you want most and follow that. Your PhD is changing regardless and you will need to be flexible in this awkward situation.

Have you talked with your supervisor(s) about the closure? They will be equally affected and will know a lot more about your options than us.

At my university the two campuses were relatively close (1 hour drive) and most people moved. Reportedly a few students moved to other universities with their supervisors but for the most part it was a good transition. There wasn't any campaign to stop the move as it was outside their control and most people just accepted it and tried to do the best for themselves.

Honestly you will need to ask the universities directly. As eng77 said, they expect a bachelor or relevant experience, which is considered on a case by case basis. Though the admissions departments are usually very fast at replying and are very helpful. Goodluck and sorry I can't help more

At our university they had the great idea of announcing the decision nearly 2 years in advance. So PhD students that were near completion could finish and newer ones got moved. What year of your PhD are you in?