no, not all funding for this year is closed - there are still funded positions open.
the process might vary. on the one hand, you need to be accepted as a student by the department/university, they usually wouldn't interview for that, but would just inform you of their decision, by e-mail for example. on the other hand, for the funded position, it depends very much on the person who is offering it. like, a professor got funding for a large project which includes a funded PhD position, and put out an ad. now it is up to this professor how he/she selects from the candidates (within legal boundaries, of course).
you could write an e-mail and ask...