I think it all depends on what data you are analysing, as there are many equations and systems available. If you are simply comparing two datasets for significance levels, then the Mann Whitney U test is fairly straight forward. ANOVA (analysis of variance) is also a good system.
Hi Delta:
It depends on your data; if your data is normally distributed - a Poisson curve - (as most "ideal" data tends to be) then you'll be looking at the following:
student's t-test (two independent variables)
ANOVA (multiple indepedent variables)
Mann Whitney is good if your data is skewed to the left or right (so not normally distributed).
Best thing to do is get some data, plot a histogram of it and then find the in-house statistician to give you a hand.
Get the Andy Field book: Discovering Statistics with SPSS. It'll take you through the very basics, assuming no knowledge of statistics, right up to the level of the decisions you need to make when choosing statistical tests.
hi delta i am also going into statistics. I don't know how your data is like. But here's what I have been reading so far:
By Jae-On Kim & Charles W.Mueller: Introduction to Factor Analysis: what it is and how to do it (I like this, its simple)
By Derek Rowntree: Statistics without tears (this one is a good refresher)
By Jeremy Miles and Mark Shevlin: Applying regression & corellation: a guide for students and researchers (its really good)
I know we can always ask for help from our stats buddies. But if nobody is around, at least these books are here..:-)
The easiest way to go about it is probably to just modify the statistical methods sections of research papers that will employ a similar methodology to yours. There are also many formulae and sample size calculators available online if you do not yet know how big your study will be.
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