If a study reports to have, for eg, 100 ppts, 80 of which answered a particular question (agree/disagree), of which 50 selected "agree" - does that mean 50 out of 80 "agree" or 50 out of 100? I need to know this so I can further figure out the % of ppts who "Agree"
Both-
50/80 of those that answered the question selected that response
50/100 of those that took the survey selected that response
You don't know what the other 20 would have chosen (? attrition bias)- the proportion that you select was hopefully defined a priori in your protocol!