I kinda managed to get a postdoc position without having a PhD at St Andrews Uni for 3 years. Giving recent comments about RAE on an internal mailling list, Paisleys higher ranking than them wasn't too well received. ;) I think it matters somehow, depending on the intelligence of your future employer. For the more arrogant it will certainly matter. A decent academic will look at what you have done and not where. Probably not worth being with people that rate place over content.